A water treatment plant is a facility where water is treated to make it acceptable for the designated end-user. Various processes involved in this exercise, such facilities include sedimentation, filtration, chlorination, disinfection, coagulation and so on. Water purification equipments used at these plants are water filters, ozone generator, oil water separators, screening equipments, sludge treatment equipment and many more.
Treatment of water is done for different purposes and there are water treatment plants serving different applications. Here is a brief discussion.
Wastewater Treatment
The most common application of a water treatment plant is to treat the waste water collected from homes, industries and many other sources. In order to make the waste water reusable, it is treated to remove physical, radioactive, chemical and biological pollutants. Sewage treatment and sludge treatment are the two most popular sub-types of wastewater purification plants.
A decentralized wastewater plant is another common facility in this category. The water treated at this facility is reused for landscape irrigation and toilet flush supply.
Surface Water Treatment
A surface water treatment process is used to make surface water fit for municipal applications. Suspended impurities, colloidal matter and organic components are removed through processes like sedimentation, aeration, screening, disinfection and sand filtration.
Containerized Water Treatment Plant
To make pollutant-free water available in remote areas, the containerized treatment plant for water is considered as a suitable option. A single unit arrangement is used in this category of treatment equipments. Such plants can also be installed near military and mining camps. Environmental emergencies too ca be met with the help of such facilities.
Ozone Based Water Plant
These plants use ozone for water purification and useful to treat pool water or water present in the cooling towers. Ozone is an excellent disinfectant for variety of microorganisms, including Cryptosporidium and protozoan parasites. The main advantage of this type of plant is that it doesn't require adding any chemical to the water.
Seawater Treatment Plant
Seawater is treated to remove dissolved minerals and salts at a seawater treatment plant. Desalination, membrane separation, vacuum freezing and many such processes are employed at these plants. Saudi Arabia and the USA are the two countries with most number of seawater desalination plants.
Package Wastewater Plant
Treating wastewater using the process of aeration is done at a package wastewater treatment facility. These plants are available in different sizes and are used for applications in small and medium urban areas, remote mining areas, construction sites, recreational sites, educational sites and at various other sites.
Bottled Water Treatment
The popularity of bottled drinking water is increasing with passing time. The water is collected at the source, treated and packed in bottles that are supplied to the market. A bottled water plant is installed near the source to make water treating easy and economical.
Mobile Water Treatment
This is another popular facility designed by water treatment plant manufacturers. Reverse osmosis and mobile wastewater treatment are the methods used to treat water at these facilities. This plant is installed over a big trailer and moved to different sites.
Water is becoming a scarce commodity and use of treatment plants is one solution to save it from depleting.
